(NARRATIVE 10) What does the writer want with the following story? to entertain the readers, to tell the readers about his/her experience, or to explain about how to do something? In which part does the writer identify the main character of the story, the time, and the place where the story happened? in the Orientation, Complication or the Resolution?

The Ram in the Chily Patch

Orientation	Long ago there was a Mexican boy named Juan who helped raise money for his family by growing chili papers in his garden.
Complication	But one day when he came out to his chili patch, he found a ram there eating some peppers and stomping on others. Go away, Mr. Ram,” Said Juan. “Those are my peppers, “the ram replied, “Get away from me or I’ll butt you into the next county. “ Juan started to cry, and all the animals on the little farm felt sorry for him. The cat tried to help. She went to the ram and said,” You should be ashamed of yourself. Get out of there. Those are Juan’s chili peppers.” But the ram lowered his head,”Get out of here or I’ll butt you into the next county.’ The two dogs too ran away.
Resolution	Finally a little ant climbed onto the ram and began biting him all over. the ram jumped up and started running. He ran so fast and so far that now he is in the next county.

Source:Muchlas Yusak, Rohani, Rudi Hartono. English Tex tin Use. Semarang: CVAneka Ilmu

(NARRATIVE 9) Do you know Who Gareth is? Why did he come to KIng Arthur's palace? How did Gareth become a knight.

Orientation

One summer’s day, a young man and a dwarf came to the castle of King Arthur. The young man was tall and strong but poorly dressed. He begged King Arthur to give him and the dwarf food for one year. Some of King Arthur's knight laughed at the poorly-dressed young man and they sent him to work in the kitchen

Complication

A year  passed. One a beautiful young lady swept into the hall of King Arthur's castle.      "Your majesty, I have come to you for help," she said.      " My sister is a prisoner in the castle of the Red Knight. The Red Knight is evil and he is as strong as seven men."      The young man from the kitchen stepped forward. Then, he knelt before the King Arthur.      The fair lady rushud out of the castle . The kitchen boy called his dwarf to bring him a horse and a shield.      "Stop! shouted Sir Kay, a strong and proud Knight.      "You are only a kitchen boy. not worthy to be the lady's knight. Who are you anyway? What is your name, fellow?"      "I am Gareth of Orkney," the kitchen boy replied.      Let's have a duel with me!"  was the reply for Gareth's answer.      At this, Sir Kay mounted his horse, grabbed his sword and rode straight towards the kitchen boy. But the boy struck Sir Kay with his sword. it was such a strong blow that Sir Kay fell off his horse.

Resolution

King Arthur and his knights cheered the boy. "You have fought well," King Arthur said.
      "I will knight you here and now. Tell me your name and family."
      I am Gareth of Orkney, your nephew. I worked in the kitchen so that I might know who my true friends are.
      "Very wise you." laughed King Arthur. "I hereby knight you Sir Gareth of Orkney."

Complication

Sir Gareth looked for the lady. He found her in a field guarded by a knight in black armor riding a black horse. Sir Gareth then fought the black knight. He could beat him; he even took the knight's black horse. Then he rode behind the lady.
     "Away, kitchen boy!" she cried.
     "you washer of dirty plates and spoon! The next knight will kill you!"
     Then, they came to another field guarded by a knight in blue armor riding a white horse.
     "You are not allowed to cross this field unless you fight me." said the blue knight.
     The two knights and their horses charged against each other. Sir Gareth could knock the blue off his horse. He took the blue knight's horse and rode after the proud lady.
     "Who are you ?" she asked.
     "I called you names and treated you shamefully and yet you follow me."
     "I am Gareth of Orkney."
     "I am Linette. Please forgive me, Sir Gareth," said the lady.
     :"With all my heart, lady Linette," replied the gallant knight.
     Linette and Sir Gareth then rode together until they came to the castle there was a horn hanging on the tree.
     "If any knight blows the horn on the tree, the Red Knight will come out to do battle with him," Linette said.
     Sir Gareth blew the horn loudly. The Red Knight came out of his castle. He wore a suit of red armor. everything about him was red even his beard was red. The two knights and their horses charged against each other. The two knights fought like two fierce lions in the sun. Then Sir Gareth lost his sword and fell to the ground.
     "Get up and back to your feet. Keep fighting," Linette shouted suddenly. "My sister is sill in prison!"

Resolution

     When Sir Gareth heard this, he grabbed his sword and leapt to his feet. He charged at the Red Knight and struck such a mighty blow that his enemy fell to the ground. Sir Gareth pointed his sword at the Red Knight's heart.
     "Do you surrender" Will you free Lady Linette's sister?" Sir Gareth asked  the Red Knight.
     "Yes, I give you my word."
     And the Red Knight kept his word.
Later, Sir Gareth took Lady Linette and her sister back to their home safely.

Source :  Primary English Thematic Series in  M Purwati, Marta Yuliani.(2005) English for Beter Life. Bnadung: Pakar Raya  

(NARRATIVE 8) Do you think frightening others is good or bad habit?Take the moral message of this story.

FIVE -FOOTED BEAR

Once upon a time there was a strange bear who lived in a jungle. He had five feet. But all animals who lived with him didn't feel strange. The five footed bear liked to help other animals. His home was open for anyone who wanted to stay.

One afternoon, when the five footed bear went home, he found a rabbit under a mahogany tree.The rabbit looked hungry. Then the five footed beat brought him to his home.

The next day, when the five footed bear was looking for meal, the rabbit helped him clean up the house the house. While the rabbit was working, a monkey and a mouse deer came quietly. They pretended to be robbers. They to disturb the rabbit.

The rabbit was frightened. The monkey and the mouse deer tied up the rabbit's leg and plugged his mouth. Fortunately, the five footed bear came and released him. The rabbit was upset because the bear wasn't angry with the monkey and the mouse deer. In fact, the five footed bear let them live in his house.On the next day, the monkey and the mouse deer asked the rabbit to forgive them.They helped him clean up the house. In the evening when the bear was coming home, he brought them meals and a new friend. The monkey and the mouse deer were very afraid knowing who the new friend was. He was a tiger. But the rabbit and the mouse deer didn't know it. The monkey and the mouse were very embarrassed. That was the cleverness of the five footed bear. He wanted to make them aware of their bad habit of frightening the rabbit.Then they sat and enjoyed their dinner together

Source: http://tasyaonline.com/edisi 13/dongeng/ (September 14, 2004)
in Bachtiar Bima and Cicik Kurniawati.(2005)Let's Talk. Bandung:Pakar Raya

(NARRATIVE 7) What moral message of this story you can find? What would you do telling lie or telling the truth to avoid something unexpected? Enjoy this story!

                                                           SANGKURIANG

One day, when Sangkuriang was hunting, he accidentally killed his beautiful black dog Si Tumang. This dog is actually Sangkuriang's father who had been condemned to live the life of a dog by his GURU. However, Sangkuriang never knew it.

Sangkuriang had been separated from his mother since childhood. On his way home, he stopped at a small village and fell in love with a beautiful girl. He didn't realized that the village was his homeland nor that the beautiful girl was his own sacred mother who remained young and pretty.

Their love grew naturally and one day, when they were discussing their wedding plans, Dayang Sumbi suddenly realized that the profile of Sangkurian's head matched that of her son's who had left twenty years earlier. How could she marry her own son? But she did not wish to disappoint him, So she agreed to marry Sangkuriang only on th condition that he would provide her with a lake and a boat wit which they could sail on their wedding day the next day at dawn.

Sangkuriang accepted this condition. He dammed up the Citarum river to make a lake. Dayang Sumbi realized that Sangkuriang would fulfill the condition she had set. With a wave of her supranatural shawl, she lit up the eastern horizon with flashes of light. Deceived by false dawn, the cock crowed and farmers rose for the new day.

Sangkuriang realized that he failed to finish the boat. With all his anger, he kicked the unfinished boat upside  - down. The boat is now known as the mount TANGKUBAN PERAHU. In Sundanese TANGKUBAN means upturned or upside down, and PERAHU means boat. With the dam torn asunder, the water drained off the lake and made the lake a wide plain. It is now called Bandung from the word BENDUNG which means dam.

Source :  Balitbang-Kemendiknas.Ujian Naisonal 2009 (IPA, IPS, BHS, AGAMA) serie B 48

(NARRATIVE 6) Is this story happy or sad ending? Do you thind the noble and handsome youth finally could defeat Charles older than him?

THE WRESTLING MATCH
(Adapted from As You Like It by Shakespiere)

     One day , something happened which really changed the lives of two girls, Rosalind and Celia. There was a wrestling tournament at the court. Charles, a famous wrestler, had come to display his strength and skill. He wrestled with three brothers and defeated them all easily, one after the other. Then, still fresh and smiling, he was ready for his fourth opponent.
     The fourth opponent was a noble and handsome youth, much younger than Charles. The gorls pitied him instantly and begged him not to wrestle. "Charles an extremely strong fighter. He will kill you," they told him. "You have no chance of winning. Don't risk your life"
     "Ladies, I thank you for your kindness," the young man replied. "Let him kill me. It doesn't matter, because I have no friends to grieve over my death."
    He spoke so sadly that Rosalind was filled with pity. "I have little strength," She told him, "but I would add that to yours," The young man smiled gratefully at her. Then he turned away from the ladies to gace Charles, the champion wrestler. The match began.

Source:  Th. Sudarwati and Eudia Grace. 2002. Look Ahead. Jakarta: Penerbit ERLANGGA

(NARRATIVE 5) Do you know this story, RAPUNZEL, What is interesting in this fairy tale,usually read by people in the USA to their children in bed at night? Any problem faced by Rapunzel and how did she solve it?

RAPUNZEL Orientation	A long time ago there lived a young couple, a man and his wife. His wife was expecting their baby. She wanted a plant that only grew in her neighbor’s garden. She wanted it so much. She even intended to steal it herself, but later on, she sent her husband to steal it.
Complication	Unfortunately, Mother Gothel, the owner of the garden, caught him doing it. She was a witch. Then, Mother Gothel forced the couple to give their first baby to her.       A few months later, the baby was born. It was a girl and named Rapunzel. Soon, this baby was taken away to live with Mother Gothel. Rapunzel grew to be a beautiful young girl with her long golden hair. At first, she was cared for in a normal way. When she reached puberty, she was locked in a tower so that she would never leave Mother Gothel. The tower stood in the forest. It could only be entered by climbing on Rapunzel’s long hair. To cheer herself up, she loved to sing.       One day, a young prince was out hunting. He stumbled upon the tower. He heard Rapunze’s beautiful voice. He decided that he must meet her. He spied and, by watching Mother Gothel, learned the words he had to say to have Rapunzel drop her hair. The Prince visited her often and the two fell in love.
Resolution	Then, Rapunzel made a plan to escape from the tower. She wanted to be with the prince. She asked the prince to bring her a skein of silk each time he visited. She might weave a ladder for her escape. Unfortunately, Mother Gothel caught on. Then she banished Rapunzel to the desert. She threw the prince from the tower into a thorny bush. The thorn made the prince blind and he roamed the earth searching for his love.      Eventually, they found each other, and the prince’s eyes were healed by Rapunzel’s tears of happiness.  Source: Bachtiar Bima M and Cicik Kurniawati 200      Let’s Talk. Bandung: Pakar Raya

(NARRATIVE 5)Do you know this story, a fair tale,usually read by people in the USA to their children in bed at night?

                                                    RAPUNZEL

Orientation	A long time ago there lived a young couple, a man and his wife. His wife was expecting their baby. She wanted a plant that only grew in her neighbor’s garden. She wanted it so much. She even intended to steal it herself, but later on, she sent her husband to steal it.
Complication	Unfortunately, Mother Gothel, the owner of the garden, caught him doing it. She was a witch. Then, Mother Gothel forced the couple to give their first bay to her.       A few months later, the baby was born. It was a girl and named Rapunzel. Soon, this baby was taken away to live with Mother Gothel. Rapunzel grew to be a beautiful young girl with her long golden hair. At first, she was cared for in a normal way. When she reached puberty, she was locked in a tower so that she would never leave Mother Gothel. The tower stood in the forest. It could only be entered by climbing on Rapunzel’s long hair. To cheer herself up, she loved to sing.       One day, a young prince was out hunting. He stumbled upon the tower. He heard Rapunze’s beautiful voice. He decided that he must meet her. He spied and, by watching Mother Gothel, learned the words he had to say to have Rapunzel drop her hair. The Prince visited her often and the two fell in love.
Resolution	Then, Rapunzel made a plan to escape from the tower. She wanted to be with the prince. She asked the prince to bring her a skein of silk each time he visited. She might weave a ladder for her escape. Unfortunately, Mother Gothel caught on. Then she banished Rapunzel to the desert. She threw the prince from the tower into a thorny bush. The thorn made the prince blind and he roamed the earth searching for his love.      Eventually, they found each other, and the prince’s eyes were healed by Rapunzel’s tears of happiness.

Source: Bachtiar Bima M and Cicik Kurniawati 2005. Let’s Talk. Bandung: Pakar Raya

(NARRATIVE 4a,b,c) What complications did Cinderella have? Did she get solution (was the problem resolved) everyime she got it?

Text 4a

                                                                   Cinderella
     Once upun a time, there was a beautiful girl called Cinderella. She lived with her stepsisters and stepmother. They were very bossy. She had to do all the housework
     One day an invitation to the ball came to the family. Her stepsisters did not let her go, so Cinderella was very sad.The stepsisters went to the ball without her.
     Fortunately, the fairy good mother came and helped her to get to the ball. At the ball, Cinderella danced with the prince. The prince fell in love with her then he married her. They lived happily ever after.

Source: UNAS 2004/2005 in Rading Comprehension for SMA/MA(2006). Yogyakarta: Nuansa aksara


Text 4b
                                                                  Cinderella
     Once up on time ther was a girl named Cinderella. She lived with her bad step-mother and two step sister. She had to do all the house hold chores.
     One day, the King invited all the ladies in the Kingdom to go to a ball in the palace. He wanted to find the Crown Prince a wife.
     The step-sisters went to the ball that night with their mother. Cinderella was left alone. She cried because she actually wanted to go to the ball, too.
     Just then a fairy godmother came. With her magic wand, she gave Cinderella a coach, two horses, and footmen. She also gave Cinderella a lovely dress to wear to the ball and a pair of glass slippers. She told Cinderella to come home before midnight.
     At the ball, Cinderella danced all night with the Prince. The Prince fell in love with her. At midnight, Cinderella ran home. Unfortunately, one of slippers slipped off at the door. She did not have time to pur it back on. The Prince was sad as he could not find Cinderella again that night.
     The next day, the Prince and his brought along the glass slipper. They went all over the Kingdom to search for the owner.
     After searching for a long time, finally, they came to Cinderell's house. The slipper fit her. The Prince was very poor to find Cinderella again. They got married and lived happily ever after.

Source:   Bachtiar Bima M, Cicik Kurniawati. 2005. Let's Talk .Bandung: Pakar Raya

Text 4c
                                                       Cinderella
     Once upon time there was a young girl named Cinderella who lived with her stepmother and two stepsisiters.
     Cinderella's stepmother and stepsisters were conceited and bad tempered. They treated Cinderella very badly.
     Her stepmother made Cinderella do the hardest work in the house, such as scrubbing the floor and cleaning the pots and pans. She gave Cinderella an old ragged dress to wear. The two stepsisters, on the other hand, did no work about the house, and their mother gave them many handsome dresses to wear.
     One day the two stepsisters received an invitation to a ball that the king's son was going to give at the palace. They were excited about this and pent so much time choosing the dresses they would wear. At last the why day of the ball came, and away went the sisters to it. Cinderella could not help crying after they had left.
     "Why are you crying, Cinderella?" a voice asked. She looked up and saw her fairy godmother standing beside her. "Because I want so much to go to the ball."
     Magically, the fairy godmother changed a pumpkin into a fine coach and mice into a coachman and two footmen. Her godmother tapped Cinderella's ragged dress with her wand, and it became a beautiful ball gown. Then she gave her a pair of pretty glass slippers. "Now, Cinderella," she said, "you must leave before midnight." Then, away she drove in her beautiful coach.
     Cinderella was having a wonderfully good time. She danced again and again with the king's son. Suddenly, the clock began to strike twelve. She ran towards the door as quickly as she could. In her hurry, one of the glass slippers came off and was left behind.
     A few days later the king's son proclaimed he would marry the girl whose foot fitted te glass slipper. The king's page came to Cinderella's house. Her stepsisters tried on the slipper but it was too small no matter how hard they squeezed their toes into it.The king's page let Cinderella try on the slipper. She stuck out her foot,and the page slipped the slipper on. It fitted perfectly.
     Finally, she was driven to the palace. The king's son was overjoyed to see her again. they were married and lived happily ever after.

Source: Muclas Yusak, Rohani, and Rudi Hartono.English Text in Use. Semarang: Aneka Ilmu.

(NARRATIVE 3 A - 3B) 3A) Why did big animal/buffalo do everything the small animal/man tell him? 3B) The participants in the this story -----and -------; Which one got the problem, hte mouse deer oar the crocodile? How did he finally solve the problem?

 Text 3A

Once there was a farmer from Laos. Every morning and evening, he ploughed his field with his buffalo.

One day, a tiger, a mouse deer, and a cockerel were walking together to meet a snail. On their way, they saw a farmer and a buffalo working in the field. The tiger said to the mouse deer and the cockerel, "I wonder how stupid the buffalo is. He lets himself being ruled by the small animal." " You are right. The big animal is really stupid. I'm sure he knows very well that the small animal has killed my brothers and sister for their meals", said the cockerel. "Well, if it were true, the small animal must be a heartless one. I think you'd better ask the big animal, Tiger", said the mouse deer.

After the man went home, the tiger spoke to the buffalo, "You are so big and strong. Why do you do everything  th man tells you?" The buffalo answered, "Oh, the man is very intelligent." The tiger asked, "but you can ask him."

so the next day the tiger asked the man, "Can you go and take it?" asked the tiger. "Yes" said the man, " But I am afraid you will kill my buffalo when I am gone. Can I tie you to a tree?" After the man tied the tiger to the tree, he didn't go home to get his intelligence. He took his plough and hit the tiger. Then he said, " Now you know about my intelligence though you haven't seen it."

Source: Ujian Nasional 2009-2010 P 15 (Ujian Utama)

Text 3B

The Mouse Deer and the Crocodile


The mouse deer was a very tricky animal but he had many enemies. One of his enemies was a crocodile. One of his enemies was a crocodile. The crocodile lived in a river near a forest.

One day, the mouse deer went to the river. It was a very hot day, and he was very thirsty and dirty. He wanted something to drink from the river and then he bathed and splashed about in the water.      Suddenly the crocodile saw the mouse deer. “Hmm…. a nice meal.”he thought. Then he silently crawled behind the mouse deer and grabbed him. He caught the mouse deer’s legs.      The mouse deer was startled and terrified as well. Then, he had an idea. He saw a twig floating near him. He picked it up and said,” You stupid fool!

So you think you’ve got me. You’re biting a twig-not my leg, you, stupid crocodile! Here is my leg.”      And with that, he showed the crocodile the wig. The crocodile could not see very well. He was a very stupid creature, too. He believed the cunning mouse deer. He freed the mouse deer’s leg and snapped upon the twig. The mouse deer ran out of the water immediately.      “Ha…ha…ha…”, he laughed. “I tricked you!

Source: Th. M. Sudarwati and Eudia Grace.(2002) Look Ahead. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga

(NARRATIVE 2A-2B) 2A: What would you do if you were Snow White? Would you run away as Snow White did? 2B: WWhat do you think of the two men travelling on a dusty rough road that had no trees on its sides, good, bad men, supermen or spidermen?

Text 2A
Snow White

Orientation	Once upon a time there lived a little girl named Snow White. She lived with her aunt and uncle because her parents were dead.
Complication	One day she heard her uncle and aunt talking about leaving Snow White in the castle because they both wanted to go to America and they didn’t have enough money to take Snow White.
Resolution	Snow White did not want her Uncle and Aunt to do this so she decided it would be best if she ran away from home when her Aunt and Uncle were having breakfast. She ran away into the woods
Complication	She was very tired and hungry.
Resolution	Then she saw the little cottage. She knocked but no one answered so she went inside and fell asleep.
Complication	Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home from work. They went inside. There they found Snow White sleeping. Then, Snow White woke up. She saw the dwarfs. The dwarfs said, “What is your name?” Snow White said, “My name is Snow White.’
Major Complication	Doc said, “If you wish, you may live here with us.”Snow White said ,” Oh, could I? Thank you. “Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story and Snow White and the seven dwarfs lived happily

Source: Titin Kartini, SS. Buku Pendidikan Luar Biasa BAHASA INGGRIS Paket C Kelas  XI

Text 2B

                                  Two traveler and Big Tree  

Orientation	Once, two men  traveled on a dusty and rough road that had no trees on its sides. They were walking to a distant village during daylight to attend the wedding feast.
Complication	The summer sun was so hot that they were sweating a lot.
Resolution	They looked for a shady tree for shelter from the sun. After sometime, they saw a big old tree with thick, green leaves and branches spread far and wide like a big umbrella. They made the tree a shelter, put their small bundles on the ground and stretched themselves out in the cool shadow of the tree. They felt relieved and rested for a while, talking about the wedding feast.
Complication	After about an hour, one of the travelers said to his friends, “Look! What a useless ugly old tree! So big and yet it bears no fruits at all!”
Resolution	On hearing this, the tree felt insulted. Angrily, it yelled, “You, ungrateful man! You ungrateful man! You are enjoying my cool shadow and using it for a shelter, yet you call me useless and ugly! Can there be a more wretched creature than you? So now get up and get away from here?”
Re-orientation	Feeling scared that a tree could talk, the two men ran away in horror.

Source: Th. M. Sudarwati, Eudia grace. 2002.Look Ahead. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga

  

(HORTATORY 12) What do you think TV or not TV?

     Television is one of the greatest inventions of all time. For example, at 2.56 am Greenwich Mean Time on July 20, 1969, we were able to watch in our living room. Neil Armstrong step out of the lunar module of the Apollo 11 spacecraft and haltingly walk on the surface of the moon. we were witnessing a milestone in the history of humanity. Such is the potential power of TV to inform, inspire, and unite.
      Yet, in its current state, TV produces more problems than it offers blessing. the first problem is no matter how noble our intentions are to watch only worthwhile programming, once we start watching, it is all too easy to become ensnared in its almost hypnotic power to keep us watching  regardless of the banality of the content.
     TV also decrease one's attention span and weakens one's imagination. It weakens our attention span because we grow  used to quick,short bursts of information. As a result, we grow impatient if it takes a while to make a point. TV weakens our imagination because everything is portrayed for us. All we have to do is sit back and observe someone else imagination. Books are just the opposite. They increase our attention span and help to develop your imagination.
     Besides the hypnotic like effect it has, another major problem is the way it is use by those who own and run television  stations and networks. TV is not made to entertain, educate, or enlighten us. it is made to sell products and services. Woman are forced to go to work and children see less and less of their parents, all so we can buy more of the stuff TV tells us.

by Chuck Gallozi in Latihan Ujian Nasional Putaran 1Tahun Ajaran 2010 / 2011 IPA/IPS/Bahasa/Keagamaan. Examined on January 21, 2011

(HORTATORY 11) What do you think about leaded petrol car in the country/village? Should it be treated differerenly to the people who live in the city?

Country Concern

     In all the discussions over the removal of the leading from petrol (and the atmosphere) there doesn't seem to have been any mention of the difference between driving in the city and the country.
     While I realize my leaded petrol car is polluting the air whenever I drive, I feel that when I travel through the country, where you only see another car every five to ten minutes, the problem is not as severeas when traffic is concentrated on city road. Those who want to penalize older, leaded petrol vehicles and their owner doesn"t seem to appreciate that, in the country, there is no public transport to fall back upon. One's own vehicle is the only way to get about. I feel that country people, who often have to travel so along distance to nearest town and who already spend agreat deal of money on petrol, should be treated differently to the people who live in the city.

(HORTATORY 10) What do you think of school uniform you wear? Why do you think school should implement the uniform as their identity?

What do you think of school uniform you wear? Why do you think school should implement the uniform ?Do you have lesson from that?

School Uniform, another Good Lesson

          School Uniform is special clothes worn by all students of a particular school. The uniform of a school may differ from others. Why should schools use uniforms? Below are some reasons.

          First of all, Notre Dame’s Department of Sociology produced a study in 1998 concerning school uniforms. Their findings using 10^th grade students showed that uniforms have no direct effect on “substance abuse, behavioral problems or attendance.” It also claimed a negative effect on student achievements for those students considered ‘pro-school.

          Secondly, uniform helps to create a strong sense school ethos and a sense of belonging to particular community. As such promotes discipline and helps to drive up academic standard, which is why a uniform is often adopted by schools which are being reopened with a fresh start after being classified as failing.

          Finally, uniform acts as a social leveler, under which all students are equal in the eyes of the school and of each other in institution without uniform students are often competitive and worry endlessly about their appearance and the clothes they should wear. Pupils without expensive designer clothes and trainers may be single out as social outcasts, or stigmatized as being from poor backgrounds. For these reasons many parents prefer uniform as they save them money on buying clothes for school wear.

          Considering the findings, schools should implement the uniform as their identity. The government should also publish some kind of rule which makes uniform compulsory for schools

Source:Joko Priyana, Ph. D, Eka ‘Denis Machfutra, Zayin Adib Muhammad.  Interlanguage. CEMERLANG. 2008

(HORTATORY 9) What do you think of the role of private schools in our country?

 Should  Government Give more Attention to Private Schools?

            Private schools are that are not run by the government. They offer various types of schools and levels of education. Although the government doe s not directly run the private schools, the government should give more attention to private schools for some good reasons.

            Private schools provide with an alternative to the state sector, and a learning environment, which might better suit their children. In addition, whilst there are many bad state schools , there are also, and some excellent  state schools which compete with the best private schools.

            The existence of private education can actually be financially beneficial to state schools. The state funds the education system through taxation. Parents who do not send their children to state schools still pay the same taxes. Therefore, there is more money per child in the state sector. There is evidence that a large number of parents, who send their children to private schools, are both ‘first time buyers’-i.e. neither parent attending a private school – and not from the privileged elite that the opposition would have us believe.

            Based on the above discussion, it is obvious that the government should give more attention to private schools because they also contribute much in the education

Source: Joko Priyana, Zayin Adib Muhammad, and Eka Denis Machfutra. Interlanguage.English for  senior High School Students XI Language Study Proggram. Klaten: PT MACANAN JAYA CMERLANG

(HORTATORY 8) What do you think about TV Commercial break ? Should you change your TV channel every time there are commmercials break??

     Nowadays you can see many commercials on TV. Why? Because the TV stations give chances to many companies to advertise their services and products to TV viewers. And it is a fact that every ten or fifteen minutes your favorite programs are disrupted by commercial breaks.
     But then, whether we like it or not, TV commercials contribute to consumerism. it means that people who see them intend to buy anything they see; though, they don't really need it.
     You know, there are some reasons why it happens. First, visual advertisements are presented in attractive ways. They show you how good the products or service are. They use very nice words that persuade people to buy or to use them.
     Then, since they are presented in visual ways, people will see what the products or services look like.Besides, models express how delighted they are with the products or services. They try to persuade the viewers that the products or services are very good. This, of course, influences people to use or consume the products or services.
     So change your TV channels every time there are commercials breaks. Or you can read a newspaper or magazine when TV stations broadcast them.

Detik-detik Ujian Nasional, Klaten: Intan Pariwara. 2009

HORTATORY 6A-B, 7) Should School conduct locker search in unexpected times?

 Text 6A

   A locker is a small lockable cupboard or compartment where personal belongings can be left, for example, at swimming pool, gym, school or work place. some schools also conduct locker searchers in unexpected times for several good reasons.  
     First, lockers are school property; students are merely allowed to use them as they do with sports equipment, library books, school computers, etc.lockers can be taken back without notice, for example, if they are vandalized or become smelly with rotting food.
     Second, students may smuggle illegal goods such as drugs and weapons into school. This is dangerous atmosphere in school.
     In conclusion, schools are supposed to conduct locker searches to ensure that schools are safe places for students.

Source: Cicik Kurniuawati. Marta Yuliani, Detik-detik Ujian Nasional Bahasa Inggris. Klaten: Intan Pariwara, 2010

Text 6B

      Do you want to buy a mobile phone? Don’t be hasty. There are many things to consider. Be responsible before making a decision.

      First, you can start by asking yourself the usefulness of equipment. The question might be “Do I want it for prestige or its usefulness?”

      Then, you should make a choice on the type of the mobile phone. There are various choices in the market, so you should decide the one that meets your needs and whether you can afford it or not.
      The consequence of using a mobile phone is its high operational costs. You have to pay more for a mobile phone compared to fixed telephone. Therefore, you use the mobile phone only for important talks.

Source : Cicik Kurbiati, Marta Yuliani, Detik-detik Ujian Nasional Bahasa Inggris program IPA/IPS/KEAGAMAAN . Klaten: PT Intan Pariwara     

Text 7A

Title	Should Ads be Banned from TV Program
	I am writing to complain about ads on TV. There are so many ads. Especially during my my favorite programs. I think they should be stopped for a number of reasons.
Thesis Publish Post	First, ads are nuisance. They  go on for a long time and there are so many. Sometimes there seems to be more ads than programs.      Second, ads are a bad influence on people. They try to encourage people to buy unhealthy food like beers, soft drinks, candies, and chips. In other words, they make people want things they do not really need and cannot afford.      Finally, ads play role in what programs people watch. That is because there are lots of aids in popular programs that a lot of people watch. Some programs which are not so popular get stopped because they do not attract enough ads, even though those programs may be someone’s favorite.
Recommendation	For those reasons, I think TV stations should stop showing ads.i think TV stations should stop showing ads. Ads interrupt programs. They are a bad influence on people and they sometimes put a stop to people’s favorite shows. I am sick of ads and now I mostly watch movie in cinema. Source: Th.Sudarwati & Eudia Grace. Look Ahead 2 An English Coourse for Senior High School Students Year XI. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga

(HORTATORY 5A-B) Do You Agree Homeschooling or not?

  Text 5A 
     Home schooling is an education system which provides child's main education programme at home. Home schooling takes the place of full-time school attendance and, in the United States and Canada, it usually meets state requirements for compusary education. Although home schooling could achieve the objectives of coompulsory education, there are some points that shouldbe noticed from the home schooling.
     First, the ideas of taking our children's education on home schooling can be a bit intimidating. Sicne our country is so large and the people are from so many different kinds of backgrounds, students need some kind social glue to make them stick together and to give them a sense of unity in spite of all the differences.They will not get such a unity when they are in home schooling. They will get the sense of unity when they are in the compulsary public schools since it is the easiest and best places to make this gllue.
     Then, the home schooling may not be able to prepare children to fit into the mass society, which means, among other things, believing what most people like. Or it may not be able to help children to find a set of values with which they could resist and reject at least many of the values of the mass society.
     Recognizing the lack of home schooling in the case of children's socialization opportunity we should afford them abundant social opportunities. We can have active hoome school support group. We can hold ongoing park days meeting at the zoo, the science museum, book clubs, history clubs, language clubs, home school scouting troops andmany more options to provide them opprtunities to socialize with others.

Source: Interlanguage: English for
Senior High School Students Grade XI

Text 5B
     If you want to advance in your career, you will have to make some careful decisions about which job to take. Evaluate a job offer for the value it has to your career. It may mean sacrifice at first. you may have to move to a different region or a different country to get a job that is right for you.You may have to work late hours, at least temporally. You might even have to take  lower salary for a job that offers you the experience that you need. But you should never accept a job if it is not related to your career goals.
     Accepting a job that is not within your career path will not give you the training or experience you need, or want. You will find yourself frustrated in such a position and consequently will not perform your best.This will have an effect on the people around you who will not feel as if you are being part of the team.The best advice is to think carefully before accepting any position and make sure the job is the one you want to have.

Reference: Linawati Setiadi at.al (2005).Seri Pendalaman Materi Bahasa Inggris SMA dan MA. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.

(HORTATORY 4A-B) 4A: Should Car be Banned in the City ? Why? 4B) What do you think of anybody who need a new floor, widnow replcement, a patio or new kitchen not made from wood? Don't you think tghat timber house use less fuel to heat and whwn we use the good wood the carbon stays locked up?

Text 4A

     Cars should be banned in the city. As we all know, cars create pollution, and cause a lot of road deaths and other accidents.

     Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution in the world.

     Cars emit deadly gas that causes illnesses, such as bronchitis, lung cancer and 'triggers'  of asthma. Some of these illnesses are so bad that people can die from them.

     Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere and cars commonly hit pedestrians in the city, which causes them do die. Cars today are our roads biggest killers.

     Thirdly, cars are noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to sleep at night,or concentrate on your homework, and especially talk to someone.

     In conclusion, cars should be banned in the city, for the the reasoning listed.

Reference: (2009) Detik-detik Ujian Nasional. Klaten: Intan Pariwara

 

Text 4B

                               One Small reason why we should  all learn to choose wood

One of the biggest threat to our children future is climate change caused by global warming.

There's no single, simple solution, but we'd like to tell you about what the good wood can do and why all of us should, wherever possible, be using it.

Trees suck in carbon dioxide out of the air and lock it away, so forestry is a vital pa part of any strategy so slow global warning. When we when we use the wood, the carbon stays locked up and the replanted trees start the cycle again.

And, despite what you might believe, Europe's stock of trees is actually growing, as we currently plant more than two trees for every one that we cut.

Not only is wood renewable, but it takes less for energy to fell, transport, and process than other building materials. And because it's a natural insulator, timber houses use less fuel to heat.

So, next time when you need a new floor, window replacement, a patio, or new kitchen, stop for just a moment and remember all those little reasons for choosing wood.

Sorce: Th. M. Sudarwati and Eudia Grace(2007).Look Ahead. En /English Course. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.
For more information, visit www.woodforgood.com or call us on 08002790016

(HORTATORY 3A-B) 3A: What do you think of the role of private school? What dou think they can contribute for education in our country? 3B: What are Your Kids Watching? Shouold partents limit their watching television?

Text 3A

            Private schools are that are not run by the government. They offer various types of schools and levels of education. Although the government doe s not directly run the private schools, the government should give more attention to private schools for some good reasons.

            Private schools provide with an alternative to the state sector, and a learning environment, which might better suit their children. In addition, whilst there are many bad state schools , there are also, and some excellent  state schools which compete with the best private schools.

            The existence of private education can actually be financially beneficial to state schools. The state funds the education system through taxation. Parents who do not send their children to state schools still pay the same taxes. Therefore, there is more money per child in the state sector. There is evidence that a large number of parents, who send their children to private schools, are both ‘first time buyers’-i.e. neither parent attending a private school – and not from the privileged elite that the opposition would have us believe.

            Based on the above discussion, it is obvious that the government should give more attention to private schools because they also contribute much in the education

Source: Joko Priyana, Zayin Adib Muhammad, and Eka Denis Machfutra. Interlanguage.English for  senior High School Students XI Language Study Proggram. Klaten: PT MACANAN JAYA CMERLANG

 Text 3B

     Is it important to know what your kids are watching? Of course it is. Television can expose your children to things that you have tried to protect them from, especially violence, drug abuse, etc.
     One study demonstrated that watching too much TV during the day or at bedtime often causes bedtime resistance, sleep, onset delay and anxiety around sleep, followed by shortened sleep duration.
     Another study found a significant association between the amount of time spent watching television during adolescence and early adulthood, and the likelihood of subsequent aggressive acts against others.
     Meanwhile, many studies have found an association between kids watching a lot of TV, being inactive and overweight.
     Considering some facts above, protect your children with some following tips:

1. Limit television viewing to 1-3 hours each day.
2. Do not allow your children to have a TV set in their bedroom
3. Review the ratings of TV shows that your children watch.
4. Watch television with your children and discuss what is happening during the show.
5. Discuss alternative and more acceptable things that character could have done

Reference: Purwarti, M at al. English for Better Life. Jakarta: Pakar Raya.

(HORTATORY 2 A & 2 B) Use HORTATORY when you want to state of what ought or ought not to happen

THESIS	When we buy a mobile phone, we have to consider some points. Doing so, we will be able to make a a wise decision.
ARGUMENT 1	If we decide to buy a mobile phone, we can start asking ourselves the usefulness of the equipment. We may ask, “Do we want it for our prestige or for its usefulness?”
ARGUMENT 2	After we decide to use a mobile phone, we should make a choice on the type of the mobile phone. With the various choices in the market, we should decide the one that meets our needs. We must know what we need.
ARGUMENT 3	As the consequence of its high operational costs, we have to pay more for a mobile phone compared to a fixed telephone. That is why we have to think carefully before we decide to use it. Therefore, we only use the mobile phone for important talks. It will not be wise if we use it for a chat with a friend.
RECOMMENDATION	With the consequences of the mobile phone, we indeed should give serious considerations before using it. They are: Ask yourself, “Do I really need it at the moment?” Buy the mobile phone that suits your budget? Prioritize the function of the mobile phone for you, rather than its features that may interest you. Use the mobile phone for important talks

Reference: Purwati, M (2005). English for a Better Life. Bandung: Pakar Raya


HORTATORY 2b: Do you have any idea, opinion, or proposal for somebody especially one whose position is higher than you, for headmaster, village chief, or the local councel  consisting thesis, arguments and recommendation as exemplified by the letter written by Aryanto below?

Dear Sir,


On behalf of the residents of the city Cilegon,  I would like to express our concern at the unreasonable amount of pollution created by the steel works in our area.

The polution is increasing and causing many problem for the neigbourhood. The sulphur fumes cause breathing difficulties when the wind blows. The aslh from the stack makes the washing dirty. The coal trucks are ruining the road and making sleep impossible for shift workers.

We would like to suggest that an enquiry be held into the running of the steel mills and the impact on the local community.

We hope that you will give this matter serious consideration at your next meeting.

Your Sincerely,

Aryanto

Source: Muchlas Yusak, Rohani, Rudi Hartono. English Text in Use. Semarang: Aneka Ilmu

(HORTATORY 1A -B) Why not using A HORTATORY TEXT to strengthen your view point and to make her/him to agree to your recommendation?

Example of Hortatory Text:

 Text 1A

OPEN LETTER TO THE PRIME MNISTER

The Hon RJ Hawke, MP

Prime Minister

Parliament House’ CANBERRA ACT 2600

Dear Prime Minister,

                                                    Into The Mouth of Babes

Thesis	We are writing to you because we are concerned about the way food is being advertised to children.
ARGUMENT 1	What we eat now affects our health in years to come. Bad dietary habits start while we are very young. For this reason, your government supports  health education that encourages  a balanced health diet. Australian are encouraged to get  the bulk of their nutrients from fresh fruit, vegetables , and wholegrain cereals,  a lesser amount from foods high in fat, salt and sugar.
ARGUMENT 2	TV advertising to children presents  a completely different message. Nearly 80%of food advertising pushes fatty snacks or sweets – the very foods that should be eaten least. To make matter worse, these ads take up much of the advertising time. This must be stopped.
ARGUMENT 3	TV advertising is powerful and influential. Parents, however strong-willed, find it hard to resist pressures created by this advertising. Children are least able to understand the tricks of the advertising industry.
RECOMMENDATION	For the hours when children are the main audience, TV advertising of foods must be made to reinforce, not to undermine, the message about a balanced diet. We appeal  to you, as Prime Minister, to take the lead in calling together the advertisers, TV networks, consumers and public health bodies to decide  how this is to be done
Closing	Yours sincerely, Signed by Barbara Biggins and other prominent signaturies                                                                        (Hammond, at. Al., 1992: 83)

Source: Muchlas Yusak, Rohani and Rudi Hartono, English Text in Use. Semarang: Aneka Ilmu

 

HORTATORY
Definition: A hortatory is a piece of writing  that persuades the readers to accept the writer's/speaker's point of view by showing the information in a logical way.

Communicative purpose: to persuade the readers/listeners that something should or should not be the case/ to agree / not agree the writer/speaker

Examples of Hortatory Exposition Texts: News paper editorials, political speeches

Text Organization: Thesis-Arguments-Recommendation
Thesis: presents an introduction of the issue concerned in an opening statement.
Arguments: present a series of arguments to convince and lead the readers/listeners to believe the writer's viewpoint
Recommendation: Strengthen the writer's viewpoints by stirring up the readers'  feeling and directs the to follow or agree to the writer's recommendation/stating of what ought or ought not to happen.

Language Feature:
Simple present tense: e.g. The best think is to think carefully before accepting any position
Words that qualify statements: e.g. usual, probably, etc.
Words that link arguments: e.g. firstly, on the other hand, therefore, etc
Passive Voice: It become rocky because the earth was washed away by the rain
Modal Auxiliaries: e.g. should, can, could
Connectors: e.g. then, after that, etc.

Text 1B

Watch your Kids While Watching TV

Television becomes one of the most important devices which takes place in almost houses. It can unite all members of the family as well as separate them. However, is it important to know what your kids are watching? The answer is, of course, absolutely "Yes" and that should be done by all parents. Television can expose things you have tried to protect the children from, especially violence, pornography, consumerism and so on.
Recently, a study demonstrated that spending too much time on watching TV during the day or at bedtime often cause bed-time disruption, stress, and short sleep duration.
Another research found that there is a significant relationship between the amount of time spent for watching television during adolescence and early adulthood, and the possibility of being aggressive.
Meanwhile, many studies have identified a relationship between kids who watch TV a lot and being inactive and overweight.
Considering some facts mentioning above, protect your children with the following tips:

• Limit television viewing to one-two hours each day
• Do not allow your children to have a TV set in their own bedrooms
• Review the rating of TV shows which your children watch
• Watch television with your children and discuss what is happening in the show

Notes on the Generic Structure of this Hortatory Exposition example
Firstly, we have to always remember that the social function of hortatory exposition text is driving the readers to act like the writer thought as stated in the text. Then the purpose of this hortatory is influencing and persuading the readers by presenting the supporting arguments. In many social activities, hortatory is applied for writing recommended thought, sales letter, advertising, speech campaign, and news advertorial.
Thesis: The writer's thought is presented as thesis which is proven with several arguments. In the first paragraph, the writer points his thought about the importance of accompanying children while they are watching TV show. It is important to protect the children from the bad influences of TV show.
Arguments: The next paragraphs show the writer arguments in supporting his thesis. It is supported by various researches that there are a great relationship between watching TV and the watcher's personality. One study describes that much time in watching TV can cause bed-time disruption. The others show the possibility of becoming an aggressive character because of watching television too much.
Recommendation: After stating the thesis and proving with various arguments, the text is completed with the writer's recommendation on how the parents should protect the children from the bed effect of watching TV.
Basically, both hortatory and analytical exposition have the similar position. Both take place as argumentative essays. Both show how important idea of the writer to be known. However the last paragraph of the essay usually make the difference from hortatory and analytical exposition. If it is a hortatory text, it will be ended with a strong recommendation while for analytical exposition, it will be closed with restatement of the writer's first paragraph.

 

Source: http://understandingtext.blogspot.com/